As Brian Doll, GitHub's VP of Marketing explains it here:
Code without an explicit license is protected by copyright and is by default All Rights Reserved. The person or people who wrote the code are protected as such. Any time you're using software you didn't write, licensing should be considered and abided.
Валидацией будем называть проверку документа на соответствие веб-стандартам и выявление существующих ошибок.