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Зачем нужны таблицы подстановок в блочных алгоритмах шифрования?

Недавно смотрел код Blowfish - симметричного блочного шифра. Обнаружил там следующий код:
private uint[] SetupP()
        {
            return new uint[] {
                0x243f6a88,0x85a308d3,0x13198a2e,0x03707344,0xa4093822,0x299f31d0,
                    0x082efa98,0xec4e6c89,0x452821e6,0x38d01377,0xbe5466cf,0x34e90c6c,
                    0xc0ac29b7,0xc97c50dd,0x3f84d5b5,0xb5470917,0x9216d5d9,0x8979fb1b
            };
        }

        private uint[] SetupS0()
        {
            return new uint[] {
                    0xd1310ba6,0x98dfb5ac,0x2ffd72db,0xd01adfb7,0xb8e1afed,0x6a267e96,
                    0xba7c9045,0xf12c7f99,0x24a19947,0xb3916cf7,0x0801f2e2,0x858efc16,
                    0x636920d8,0x71574e69,0xa458fea3,0xf4933d7e,0x0d95748f,0x728eb658,
                    0x718bcd58,0x82154aee,0x7b54a41d,0xc25a59b5,0x9c30d539,0x2af26013,
                    0xc5d1b023,0x286085f0,0xca417918,0xb8db38ef,0x8e79dcb0,0x603a180e,
                    0x6c9e0e8b,0xb01e8a3e,0xd71577c1,0xbd314b27,0x78af2fda,0x55605c60,
                    0xe65525f3,0xaa55ab94,0x57489862,0x63e81440,0x55ca396a,0x2aab10b6,
                    0xb4cc5c34,0x1141e8ce,0xa15486af,0x7c72e993,0xb3ee1411,0x636fbc2a,
                    0x2ba9c55d,0x741831f6,0xce5c3e16,0x9b87931e,0xafd6ba33,0x6c24cf5c,
                    0x7a325381,0x28958677,0x3b8f4898,0x6b4bb9af,0xc4bfe81b,0x66282193,
                    0x61d809cc,0xfb21a991,0x487cac60,0x5dec8032,0xef845d5d,0xe98575b1,
                    0xdc262302,0xeb651b88,0x23893e81,0xd396acc5,0x0f6d6ff3,0x83f44239,
                    0x2e0b4482,0xa4842004,0x69c8f04a,0x9e1f9b5e,0x21c66842,0xf6e96c9a,
                    0x670c9c61,0xabd388f0,0x6a51a0d2,0xd8542f68,0x960fa728,0xab5133a3,
                    0x6eef0b6c,0x137a3be4,0xba3bf050,0x7efb2a98,0xa1f1651d,0x39af0176,
                    0x66ca593e,0x82430e88,0x8cee8619,0x456f9fb4,0x7d84a5c3,0x3b8b5ebe,
                    0xe06f75d8,0x85c12073,0x401a449f,0x56c16aa6,0x4ed3aa62,0x363f7706,
                    0x1bfedf72,0x429b023d,0x37d0d724,0xd00a1248,0xdb0fead3,0x49f1c09b,
                    0x075372c9,0x80991b7b,0x25d479d8,0xf6e8def7,0xe3fe501a,0xb6794c3b,
                    0x976ce0bd,0x04c006ba,0xc1a94fb6,0x409f60c4,0x5e5c9ec2,0x196a2463,
                    0x68fb6faf,0x3e6c53b5,0x1339b2eb,0x3b52ec6f,0x6dfc511f,0x9b30952c,
                    0xcc814544,0xaf5ebd09,0xbee3d004,0xde334afd,0x660f2807,0x192e4bb3,
                    0xc0cba857,0x45c8740f,0xd20b5f39,0xb9d3fbdb,0x5579c0bd,0x1a60320a,
                    0xd6a100c6,0x402c7279,0x679f25fe,0xfb1fa3cc,0x8ea5e9f8,0xdb3222f8,
                    0x3c7516df,0xfd616b15,0x2f501ec8,0xad0552ab,0x323db5fa,0xfd238760,
                    0x53317b48,0x3e00df82,0x9e5c57bb,0xca6f8ca0,0x1a87562e,0xdf1769db,
                    0xd542a8f6,0x287effc3,0xac6732c6,0x8c4f5573,0x695b27b0,0xbbca58c8,
                    0xe1ffa35d,0xb8f011a0,0x10fa3d98,0xfd2183b8,0x4afcb56c,0x2dd1d35b,
                    0x9a53e479,0xb6f84565,0xd28e49bc,0x4bfb9790,0xe1ddf2da,0xa4cb7e33,
                    0x62fb1341,0xcee4c6e8,0xef20cada,0x36774c01,0xd07e9efe,0x2bf11fb4,
                    0x95dbda4d,0xae909198,0xeaad8e71,0x6b93d5a0,0xd08ed1d0,0xafc725e0,
                    0x8e3c5b2f,0x8e7594b7,0x8ff6e2fb,0xf2122b64,0x8888b812,0x900df01c,
                    0x4fad5ea0,0x688fc31c,0xd1cff191,0xb3a8c1ad,0x2f2f2218,0xbe0e1777,
                    0xea752dfe,0x8b021fa1,0xe5a0cc0f,0xb56f74e8,0x18acf3d6,0xce89e299,
                    0xb4a84fe0,0xfd13e0b7,0x7cc43b81,0xd2ada8d9,0x165fa266,0x80957705,
                    0x93cc7314,0x211a1477,0xe6ad2065,0x77b5fa86,0xc75442f5,0xfb9d35cf,
                    0xebcdaf0c,0x7b3e89a0,0xd6411bd3,0xae1e7e49,0x00250e2d,0x2071b35e,
                    0x226800bb,0x57b8e0af,0x2464369b,0xf009b91e,0x5563911d,0x59dfa6aa,
                    0x78c14389,0xd95a537f,0x207d5ba2,0x02e5b9c5,0x83260376,0x6295cfa9,
                    0x11c81968,0x4e734a41,0xb3472dca,0x7b14a94a,0x1b510052,0x9a532915,
                    0xd60f573f,0xbc9bc6e4,0x2b60a476,0x81e67400,0x08ba6fb5,0x571be91f,
                    0xf296ec6b,0x2a0dd915,0xb6636521,0xe7b9f9b6,0xff34052e,0xc5855664,
                    0x53b02d5d,0xa99f8fa1,0x08ba4799,0x6e85076a
            };
        }

        private uint[] SetupS1()
        {
            return new uint[] {
                0x4b7a70e9,0xb5b32944,0xdb75092e,0xc4192623,0xad6ea6b0,0x49a7df7d,
                    0x9cee60b8,0x8fedb266,0xecaa8c71,0x699a17ff,0x5664526c,0xc2b19ee1,
                    0x193602a5,0x75094c29,0xa0591340,0xe4183a3e,0x3f54989a,0x5b429d65,
                    0x6b8fe4d6,0x99f73fd6,0xa1d29c07,0xefe830f5,0x4d2d38e6,0xf0255dc1,
                    0x4cdd2086,0x8470eb26,0x6382e9c6,0x021ecc5e,0x09686b3f,0x3ebaefc9,
                    0x3c971814,0x6b6a70a1,0x687f3584,0x52a0e286,0xb79c5305,0xaa500737,
                    0x3e07841c,0x7fdeae5c,0x8e7d44ec,0x5716f2b8,0xb03ada37,0xf0500c0d,
                    0xf01c1f04,0x0200b3ff,0xae0cf51a,0x3cb574b2,0x25837a58,0xdc0921bd,
                    0xd19113f9,0x7ca92ff6,0x94324773,0x22f54701,0x3ae5e581,0x37c2dadc,
                    0xc8b57634,0x9af3dda7,0xa9446146,0x0fd0030e,0xecc8c73e,0xa4751e41,
                    0xe238cd99,0x3bea0e2f,0x3280bba1,0x183eb331,0x4e548b38,0x4f6db908,
                    0x6f420d03,0xf60a04bf,0x2cb81290,0x24977c79,0x5679b072,0xbcaf89af,
                    0xde9a771f,0xd9930810,0xb38bae12,0xdccf3f2e,0x5512721f,0x2e6b7124,
                    0x501adde6,0x9f84cd87,0x7a584718,0x7408da17,0xbc9f9abc,0xe94b7d8c,
                    0xec7aec3a,0xdb851dfa,0x63094366,0xc464c3d2,0xef1c1847,0x3215d908,
                    0xdd433b37,0x24c2ba16,0x12a14d43,0x2a65c451,0x50940002,0x133ae4dd,
                    0x71dff89e,0x10314e55,0x81ac77d6,0x5f11199b,0x043556f1,0xd7a3c76b,
                    0x3c11183b,0x5924a509,0xf28fe6ed,0x97f1fbfa,0x9ebabf2c,0x1e153c6e,
                    0x86e34570,0xeae96fb1,0x860e5e0a,0x5a3e2ab3,0x771fe71c,0x4e3d06fa,
                    0x2965dcb9,0x99e71d0f,0x803e89d6,0x5266c825,0x2e4cc978,0x9c10b36a,
                    0xc6150eba,0x94e2ea78,0xa5fc3c53,0x1e0a2df4,0xf2f74ea7,0x361d2b3d,
                    0x1939260f,0x19c27960,0x5223a708,0xf71312b6,0xebadfe6e,0xeac31f66,
                    0xe3bc4595,0xa67bc883,0xb17f37d1,0x018cff28,0xc332ddef,0xbe6c5aa5,
                    0x65582185,0x68ab9802,0xeecea50f,0xdb2f953b,0x2aef7dad,0x5b6e2f84,
                    0x1521b628,0x29076170,0xecdd4775,0x619f1510,0x13cca830,0xeb61bd96,
                    0x0334fe1e,0xaa0363cf,0xb5735c90,0x4c70a239,0xd59e9e0b,0xcbaade14,
                    0xeecc86bc,0x60622ca7,0x9cab5cab,0xb2f3846e,0x648b1eaf,0x19bdf0ca,
                    0xa02369b9,0x655abb50,0x40685a32,0x3c2ab4b3,0x319ee9d5,0xc021b8f7,
                    0x9b540b19,0x875fa099,0x95f7997e,0x623d7da8,0xf837889a,0x97e32d77,
                    0x11ed935f,0x16681281,0x0e358829,0xc7e61fd6,0x96dedfa1,0x7858ba99,
                    0x57f584a5,0x1b227263,0x9b83c3ff,0x1ac24696,0xcdb30aeb,0x532e3054,
                    0x8fd948e4,0x6dbc3128,0x58ebf2ef,0x34c6ffea,0xfe28ed61,0xee7c3c73,
                    0x5d4a14d9,0xe864b7e3,0x42105d14,0x203e13e0,0x45eee2b6,0xa3aaabea,
                    0xdb6c4f15,0xfacb4fd0,0xc742f442,0xef6abbb5,0x654f3b1d,0x41cd2105,
                    0xd81e799e,0x86854dc7,0xe44b476a,0x3d816250,0xcf62a1f2,0x5b8d2646,
                    0xfc8883a0,0xc1c7b6a3,0x7f1524c3,0x69cb7492,0x47848a0b,0x5692b285,
                    0x095bbf00,0xad19489d,0x1462b174,0x23820e00,0x58428d2a,0x0c55f5ea,
                    0x1dadf43e,0x233f7061,0x3372f092,0x8d937e41,0xd65fecf1,0x6c223bdb,
                    0x7cde3759,0xcbee7460,0x4085f2a7,0xce77326e,0xa6078084,0x19f8509e,
                    0xe8efd855,0x61d99735,0xa969a7aa,0xc50c06c2,0x5a04abfc,0x800bcadc,
                    0x9e447a2e,0xc3453484,0xfdd56705,0x0e1e9ec9,0xdb73dbd3,0x105588cd,
                    0x675fda79,0xe3674340,0xc5c43465,0x713e38d8,0x3d28f89e,0xf16dff20,
                    0x153e21e7,0x8fb03d4a,0xe6e39f2b,0xdb83adf7
            };
        }
//И т.д

Я слышал, что такой прием используется в подстановочно-перестановочных сетях, но Blowfish ведь блочный алгоритм?
Так вот, можете мне объяснить, для чего это нужно, и как это используется в алгоритмах?
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Ответы на вопрос 2
qmax
@qmax
программер
В блочных шифрах они нужны для того же что и в подстановочных сетях - для добавления нелинейности.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confusion_and_diffusion
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Rsa97
@Rsa97
Для правильного вопроса надо знать половину ответа
Это таблицы замен, читайте описание алгоритма.
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