Ну так то можно.
lsusb
ls /sys/bus/usb/drivers/usb-storage/
hub/ snd-usb-audio/ usb/ usb-storage/ usbfs/ usbhid/ uvcvideo/
ls /sys/bus/usb/drivers/usb-storage/
1-1.6:1.0@ bind module@ new_id remove_id uevent unbind
ls -lh lh /sys/bus/usb/drivers/usb-storage/1-1.6\:1.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 апр 6 07:05 /sys/bus/usb/drivers/usb-storage/1-1.6:1.0 -> ../../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/1-1.6:1.0/
ls /sys/devices/pci0000\:00/0000\:00\:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/
...idProduct ...idVendor ...serial
cat /sys/devices/pci0000\:00/0000\:00\:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.6/serial
5F37A3B6E4D7CE4021364CEE
UPD: файл serial можно найти проще.
lsusb
... ID 0930:6544 Toshiba ...
grep 0930 /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/idVendor
/sys/bus/usb/devices/1-1.6/idVendor:0930
cat /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-1.6/serial
5F37A3B6E4D7CE4021364CEE