Почему часть писем рассылки отправилось, но не доставленно?

Question

[monyavitevna]

Здравствуйте. Помогите, пожалуйста, разобраться.
Была задача сделать рассылку на 15 000 емейлов. На сервере Linux установлен почтовый сервер Sendmail, сайт на Битриксе. Через модуль Email маркетинг сделали рассылку. Все 15 000 адресов отправились минут за 40 - 50. Все адреса отправились без ошибок, но доставлено не всем. Часть доставлено, часть нет.
В лог файле вот что:

Aug  1 17:27:11 topligarun sendmail[21745]: v71ERB3k021745: from=<[e-mail]>, size=4546, class=-60, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[e-mail]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]
Aug  1 17:27:11 topligarun sendmail[21744]: v71ERBSB021744: to=[e-mail], delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=142274, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (v71ERB3k021745 Message accepted for delivery)
Aug  1 17:27:12 topligarun sendmail[21747]: STARTTLS=client, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com., version=TLSv1/SSLv3, verify=FAIL, cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256, bits=128/128
Aug  1 17:27:13 topligarun sendmail[21747]: v71ERB3k021745: to=<[e-mail]>, delay=00:00:02, xdelay=00:00:02, mailer=esmtp, pri=232546, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. [IPv6:2607:f8b0:4001:c1a::1b], dsn=5.0.0, stat=Service unavailable
Aug  1 17:27:13 topligarun sendmail[21747]: v71ERB3k021745: v71ERD3k021747: DSN: Service unavailable
Aug  1 17:27:13 topligarun sendmail[21747]: v71ERD3k021747: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30000, relay=topligarun.ru. [148.251.182.130], dsn=4.0.0, stat=Deferred: Connection refused by topligarun.ru.
Aug  1 17:28:01 topligarun sendmail[21839]: v71ES1d9021839: from=bitrix, size=692, class=-60, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[e-mail]>, relay=bitrix@localhost
Aug  1 17:28:01 topligarun sendmail[21858]: v71ES1J1021858: from=<[e-mail]>, size=939, class=-60, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[e-mail]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]
Aug  1 17:28:01 topligarun sendmail[21839]: v71ES1d9021839: to=bitrix, ctladdr=bitrix (600/600), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=138692, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (v71ES1J1021858 Message accepted for delivery)
Aug  1 17:28:01 topligarun sendmail[21860]: v71ES1J1021858: to=<[e-mail]>, ctladdr=<[e-mail]> (600/600), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=228939, relay=topligarun.ru. [148.251.182.130], dsn=4.0.0, stat=Deferred: Connection refused by topligarun.ru.
Aug  1 17:28:22 topligarun sendmail[21887]: grew WorkList for /var/spool/mqueue to 2000

Comments

[monyavitevna]

Конфиг sendmaila:

divert(-1)dnl
dnl #
dnl # This is the sendmail macro config file for m4. If you make changes to
dnl # /etc/mail/sendmail.mc, you will need to regenerate the
dnl # /etc/mail/sendmail.cf file by confirming that the sendmail-cf package is
dnl # installed and then performing a
dnl #
dnl #     /etc/mail/make
dnl #
include(`/usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4')dnl
VERSIONID(`setup for linux')dnl
OSTYPE(`linux')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Do not advertize sendmail version.
dnl #
dnl define(`confSMTP_LOGIN_MSG', `$j Sendmail; $b')dnl
dnl #
dnl # default logging level is 9, you might want to set it higher to
dnl # debug the configuration
dnl #
dnl define(`confLOG_LEVEL', `9')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Uncomment and edit the following line if your outgoing mail needs to
dnl # be sent out through an external mail server:
dnl #
dnl define(`SMART_HOST', `smtp.your.provider')dnl
dnl #
define(`confDEF_USER_ID', ``8:12'')dnl
dnl define(`confAUTO_REBUILD')dnl
define(`confTO_CONNECT', `1m')dnl
define(`confTRY_NULL_MX_LIST', `True')dnl
define(`confDONT_PROBE_INTERFACES', `True')dnl
define(`PROCMAIL_MAILER_PATH', `/usr/bin/procmail')dnl
define(`ALIAS_FILE', `/etc/aliases')dnl
define(`STATUS_FILE', `/var/log/mail/statistics')dnl
define(`UUCP_MAILER_MAX', `2000000')dnl
define(`confUSERDB_SPEC', `/etc/mail/userdb.db')dnl
define(`confPRIVACY_FLAGS', `authwarnings,novrfy,noexpn,restrictqrun')dnl
define(`confAUTH_OPTIONS', `A')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following allows relaying if the user authenticates, and disallows
dnl # plaintext authentication (PLAIN/LOGIN) on non-TLS links
dnl #
dnl define(`confAUTH_OPTIONS', `A p')dnl
dnl # 
dnl # PLAIN is the preferred plaintext authentication method and used by
dnl # Mozilla Mail and Evolution, though Outlook Express and other MUAs do
dnl # use LOGIN. Other mechanisms should be used if the connection is not
dnl # guaranteed secure.
dnl # Please remember that saslauthd needs to be running for AUTH. 
dnl #
dnl TRUST_AUTH_MECH(`EXTERNAL DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl
dnl define(`confAUTH_MECHANISMS', `EXTERNAL GSSAPI DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Rudimentary information on creating certificates for sendmail TLS:
dnl #     cd /etc/pki/tls/certs; make sendmail.pem
dnl # Complete usage:
dnl #     make -C /etc/pki/tls/certs usage
dnl #
dnl define(`confCACERT_PATH', `/etc/pki/tls/certs')dnl
dnl define(`confCACERT', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt')dnl
dnl define(`confSERVER_CERT', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/sendmail.pem')dnl
dnl define(`confSERVER_KEY', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/sendmail.pem')dnl
dnl #
dnl # This allows sendmail to use a keyfile that is shared with OpenLDAP's
dnl # slapd, which requires the file to be readble by group ldap
dnl #
dnl define(`confDONT_BLAME_SENDMAIL', `groupreadablekeyfile')dnl
dnl #
dnl define(`confTO_QUEUEWARN', `4h')dnl
dnl define(`confTO_QUEUERETURN', `5d')dnl
dnl define(`confQUEUE_LA', `12')dnl
dnl define(`confREFUSE_LA', `18')dnl
define(`confTO_IDENT', `0')dnl
dnl # If you're operating in a DSCP/RFC-4594 environment with QoS
dnl define(`confINET_QOS', `AF11')dnl
dnl FEATURE(delay_checks)dnl
FEATURE(`no_default_msa', `dnl')dnl
FEATURE(`smrsh', `/usr/sbin/smrsh')dnl
FEATURE(`mailertable', `hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable.db')dnl
FEATURE(`virtusertable', `hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable.db')dnl
FEATURE(redirect)dnl
FEATURE(always_add_domain)dnl
FEATURE(use_cw_file)dnl
FEATURE(use_ct_file)dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following limits the number of processes sendmail can fork to accept 
dnl # incoming messages or process its message queues to 20.) sendmail refuses 
dnl # to accept connections once it has reached its quota of child processes.
dnl #
dnl define(`confMAX_DAEMON_CHILDREN', `20')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Limits the number of new connections per second. This caps the overhead 
dnl # incurred due to forking new sendmail processes. May be useful against 
dnl # DoS attacks or barrages of spam. (As mentioned below, a per-IP address 
dnl # limit would be useful but is not available as an option at this writing.)
dnl #
dnl define(`confCONNECTION_RATE_THROTTLE', `3')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The -t option will retry delivery if e.g. the user runs over his quota.
dnl #
FEATURE(local_procmail, `', `procmail -t -Y -a $h -d $u')dnl
FEATURE(`access_db', `hash -T<TMPF> -o /etc/mail/access.db')dnl
FEATURE(`blacklist_recipients')dnl
EXPOSED_USER(`root')dnl
dnl #
dnl # For using Cyrus-IMAPd as POP3/IMAP server through LMTP delivery uncomment
dnl # the following 2 definitions and activate below in the MAILER section the
dnl # cyrusv2 mailer.
dnl #
dnl define(`confLOCAL_MAILER', `cyrusv2')dnl
dnl define(`CYRUSV2_MAILER_ARGS', `FILE /var/lib/imap/socket/lmtp')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to only listen on the IPv4 loopback address
dnl # 127.0.0.1 and not on any other network devices. Remove the loopback
dnl # address restriction to accept email from the internet or intranet.
dnl #
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen to port 587 for
dnl # mail from MUAs that authenticate. Roaming users who can't reach their
dnl # preferred sendmail daemon due to port 25 being blocked or redirected find
dnl # this useful.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=submission, Name=MSA, M=Ea')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen to port 465, but
dnl # starting immediately in TLS mode upon connecting. Port 25 or 587 followed
dnl # by STARTTLS is preferred, but roaming clients using Outlook Express can't
dnl # do STARTTLS on ports other than 25. Mozilla Mail can ONLY use STARTTLS
dnl # and doesn't support the deprecated smtps; Evolution <1.1.1 uses smtps
dnl # when SSL is enabled-- STARTTLS support is available in version 1.1.1.
dnl #
dnl # For this to work your OpenSSL certificates must be configured.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtps, Name=TLSMTA, M=s')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen on the IPv6 loopback
dnl # device. Remove the loopback address restriction listen to the network.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`port=smtp,Addr=::1, Name=MTA-v6, Family=inet6')dnl
dnl #
dnl # enable both ipv6 and ipv4 in sendmail:
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Name=MTA-v4, Family=inet, Name=MTA-v6, Family=inet6')
dnl #
dnl # We strongly recommend not accepting unresolvable domains if you want to
dnl # protect yourself from spam. However, the laptop and users on computers
dnl # that do not have 24x7 DNS do need this.
dnl #
FEATURE(`accept_unresolvable_domains')dnl
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(`relay_based_on_MX')dnl
dnl # 
dnl # Also accept email sent to "localhost.localdomain" as local email.
dnl # 
LOCAL_DOMAIN(`localhost.localdomain')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following example makes mail from this host and any additional
dnl # specified domains appear to be sent from mydomain.com
dnl #
dnl MASQUERADE_AS(`mydomain.com')dnl
dnl #
dnl # masquerade not just the headers, but the envelope as well
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl
dnl #
dnl # masquerade not just @mydomainalias.com, but @*.mydomainalias.com as well
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(masquerade_entire_domain)dnl
dnl #
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost.localdomain)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomainalias.com)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomain.lan)dnl
MAILER(smtp)dnl
MAILER(procmail)dnl
dnl MAILER(cyrusv2)dnl
define(`MAIL_HUB', `topligarun.ru.')dnl
define(`LOCAL_RELAY', `topligarun.ru.')dnl

Answer 1

[Артём Белоусов]

Причины указаны после stat=

Comments

[monyavitevna]

Это понятно, но каких решить эту проблему. Часть-то все-таки отправилась.
Где рыть ошибку?

Answer 2

[Кристина Головашин]

Одна из главных причин недоставленных писем - это спам-ловушки. Они предназначены для отслеживания спама, если вы на них отправляете письмо, оно автоматически попадает в спам. Так как это означает, что базу вы купили или собирали не совсем правильным путем.

Еще несколько причин почему почтовый сервер может отклонить рассылку:
- контакты не давали согласия на рассылку (собранные из открытых источников, купленные и т.д);
- в контактах присутствует большой % временных почт (кто-то заводит их, чтоб скачать единоразово нужный материал и не получать рассылок, кто-то для тестирования), если такие адреса есть в вашей базе - регулярно делайте чистку;
- ролевые адреса в контактах (зачастую они начинаются на info, office и др.), с них редко подписываются на рассылку и скорее всего ваши письма, как минимум попадут в спам.