Ну так всё правильно. Количество дней же ты НЕ СЧИТАЕШЬ.
Ты, похоже, вообще не понимаешь что этот код делает.
may_2017 = [24, 26, 15, 10, 15, 19, 10, 1, 4, 7, 7, 7, 12, 14, 17, 8, 9, 19, 21, 22, 11, 15, 19, 23, 15, 21, 16, 13, 25, 17, 19]
may_2018 = [20, 27, 23, 18, 24, 16, 20, 24, 18, 15, 19, 25, 24, 26, 19, 24, 25, 21, 17, 11, 20, 21, 22, 23, 18, 20, 23, 18, 22, 23, 11]
def comfort_count(temperatures):
k = 0
for temp in temperatures:
if temp >= 22 and temp <= 26:
k = k + 1
print(k)
comfort_count(may_2017)
comfort_count(may_2018)