jasonOk

$query = $con->query("SELECT name FROM tbl_name WHERE age='21'");
$arr = $query->fetchAll();

echo $arr[0]['name']; //John
echo $arr[1]['name']; //James

// OR

$query = $con->query("SELECT name FROM tbl_name WHERE age='21'");
while ($row = $query->fetch()) {
echo $row['name'];
}

$qMarks = str_repeat('?,', count($ids) - 1) . '?';
$sth = $db->prepare("SELECT * FROM `table` WHERE `country` LIKE ?  AND `id` NOT IN ($qMarks)");
$sth->execute($ids); // не забыть сделать array_merge с $ids для параметра "LIKE ?"

SELECT c.*, u.name, u.surname FROM courses c 
LEFT JOIN users u ON u.id = c.user_id WHERE c.type = 1