$str = 'KMnO4 + HCl = KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O';
$list = explode('+', explode('=', str_replace(' ', '', $str))[1]);
print_r($list);
Array
(
[0] => KCl
[1] => MnCl2
[2] => Cl2
[3] => H2O
)
$mask = "Lorem {val1} dolor sit {val2}, consectetur adipisicing {val3}.";
$str = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit.";
preg_match_all("/({.*?})/", $mask, $mask_matches);
$re = '/^' . preg_replace("/\\\{.*?\\\}/", '(.*?)', preg_quote($mask, '/')) . '$/';
preg_match($re, $str, $str_matches);
array_shift($str_matches);
$result = array_combine($mask_matches[1], $str_matches);
print_r($result);
Array
(
[{val1}] => ipsum
[{val2}] => amet
[{val3}] => elit
)
(?<=Должник:)\s+([А-ЯЁ]+(?:-[А-ЯЁ]+)?(?:\s[А-ЯЁ]+(?:-[А-ЯЁ]+)?){1,2})