Язык - Си. Задание из курса cs50 pset5.
Вроде бы весь код понятен в целом. но никак не могу понять - почему структура объявляется именно так и почему она работает?
Ведь сначало же нужно определить структуру: какие типы данных в ней хранятся и т.д.
/****************************************************************************
* speller.c
*
* Computer Science 50
* Problem Set 5
*
* Implements a spell-checker.
***************************************************************************/
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include "dictionary.h"
#undef calculate
#undef getrusage
// default dictionary
#define DICTIONARY "/home/cs50/pset5/dictionaries/small"
// prototype
double calculate(const struct rusage* b, const struct rusage* a);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
// check for correct number of args
if (argc != 2 && argc != 3)
{
printf("Usage: speller [dictionary] text\n");
return 1;
}
// structs for timing data
struct rusage before, after;
// benchmarks
double time_load = 0.0, time_check = 0.0, time_size = 0.0, time_unload = 0.0;
// determine dictionary to use
char* dictionary = (argc == 3) ? argv[1] : DICTIONARY;
// load dictionary
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &before);
bool loaded = load(dictionary);
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &after);
// abort if dictionary not loaded
if (!loaded)
{
printf("Could not load %s.\n", dictionary);
return 1;
}
// calculate time to load dictionary
time_load = calculate(&before, &after);
// try to open text
char* text = (argc == 3) ? argv[2] : argv[1];
FILE* fp = fopen(text, "r");
if (fp == NULL)
{
printf("Could not open %s.\n", text);
unload();
return 1;
}
// prepare to report misspellings
printf("\nMISSPELLED WORDS\n\n");
// prepare to spell-check
int index = 0, misspellings = 0, words = 0;
char word[LENGTH+1];
// spell-check each word in text
for (int c = fgetc(fp); c != EOF; c = fgetc(fp))
{
// allow only alphabetical characters and apostrophes
if (isalpha(c) || (c == '\'' && index > 0))
{
// append character to word
word[index] = c;
index++;
// ignore alphabetical strings too long to be words
if (index > LENGTH)
{
// consume remainder of alphabetical string
while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF && isalpha(c));
// prepare for new word
index = 0;
}
}
// ignore words with numbers (like MS Word can)
else if (isdigit(c))
{
// consume remainder of alphanumeric string
while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF && isalnum(c));
// prepare for new word
index = 0;
}
// we must have found a whole word
else if (index > 0)
{
// terminate current word
word[index] = '\0';
// update counter
words++;
// check word's spelling
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &before);
bool misspelled = !check(word);
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &after);
// update benchmark
time_check += calculate(&before, &after);
// print word if misspelled
if (misspelled)
{
printf("%s\n", word);
misspellings++;
}
// prepare for next word
index = 0;
}
}
// check whether there was an error
if (ferror(fp))
{
fclose(fp);
printf("Error reading %s.\n", text);
unload();
return 1;
}
// close text
fclose(fp);
// determine dictionary's size
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &before);
unsigned int n = size();
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &after);
// calculate time to determine dictionary's size
time_size = calculate(&before, &after);
// unload dictionary
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &before);
bool unloaded = unload();
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &after);
// abort if dictionary not unloaded
if (!unloaded)
{
printf("Could not unload %s.\n", dictionary);
return 1;
}
// calculate time to unload dictionary
time_unload = calculate(&before, &after);
// report benchmarks
printf("\nWORDS MISSPELLED: %d\n", misspellings);
printf("WORDS IN DICTIONARY: %d\n", n);
printf("WORDS IN TEXT: %d\n", words);
printf("TIME IN load: %.2f\n", time_load);
printf("TIME IN check: %.2f\n", time_check);
printf("TIME IN size: %.2f\n", time_size);
printf("TIME IN unload: %.2f\n", time_unload);
printf("TIME IN TOTAL: %.2f\n\n",
time_load + time_check + time_size + time_unload);
// that's all folks
return 0;
}
/**
* Returns number of seconds between b and a.
*/
double calculate(const struct rusage* b, const struct rusage* a)
{
if (b == NULL || a == NULL)
{
return 0.0;
}
else
{
return ((((a->ru_utime.tv_sec * 1000000 + a->ru_utime.tv_usec) -
(b->ru_utime.tv_sec * 1000000 + b->ru_utime.tv_usec)) +
((a->ru_stime.tv_sec * 1000000 + a->ru_stime.tv_usec) -
(b->ru_stime.tv_sec * 1000000 + b->ru_stime.tv_usec)))
/ 1000000.0);
}
}