Максим Y

for your_cursor in (select naprav_id, naprav_name from naprav)
loop
  dbms_output.put_line('ID: '||your_cursor.naprav_id);
  dbms_output.put_line('Name: '||your_cursor.naprav_name);

  insert into some_other_table(name)
  values(your_cursor.naprav_name);

  -- и всякие другие варианты обращения к значению поля через your_cursor.имя_поля
end loop;
commit;

SELECT *
FROM
  (SELECT id,
          name,
          salary,
          period-start,
          period-end,
          row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY name ORDER BY id DESC) AS rn
   FROM your_table
   WHERE period-start = ...
     AND period-end = ...)
WHERE rn = 1

/*
with channel_program as (
  select 1 as channel_id, 1 as program_id, timestamp '2019-06-27 09:00:00' as start_time, timestamp '2019-06-27 10:00:00' as end_time union all
  select 1 as channel_id, 2 as program_id, timestamp '2019-06-27 10:02:00' as start_time, timestamp '2019-06-27 11:00:00' as end_time union all
  select 1 as channel_id, 3 as program_id, timestamp '2019-06-27 11:10:00' as start_time, timestamp '2019-06-27 11:30:00' as end_time union all
  select 1 as channel_id, 4 as program_id, timestamp '2019-06-27 11:35:00' as start_time, timestamp '2019-06-27 12:00:00' as end_time union all
  select 1 as channel_id, 4 as program_id, timestamp '2019-06-27 12:00:00' as start_time, timestamp '2019-06-27 12:30:00' as end_time
)
*/

select t.program_id
  from (
        select 
               program_id
              ,lag(start_time) over (order by start_time) lag_start_time
              ,lead(end_time) over (order by start_time) lead_end_time
          from channel_program
       ) t
 where timestamp '2019-06-27 11:15:00' between coalesce(t.lag_start_time, timestamp '1991-01-01 00:00:00') 
                                           and coalesce(t.lead_end_time, timestamp '2999-01-01 00:00:00')

with great_design_tab as (
  select 700 as id, '1,11,32,531' as ass_pain from dual union all
  select 701 as id, '2, 44, 321' as ass_pain from dual
)
,usrs as (
  select 1 as id, 'вася' as username from dual union all
  select 11 as id, 'петя' as username from dual union all
  select 32 as id, 'костя' as username from dual union all
  select 531 as id, 'дима' as username from dual union all
  select 2 as id, 'жора' as username from dual union all
  select 44 as id, 'изя' as username from dual union all
  select 321 as id, 'семен' as username from dual
)
select u.id, u.username, t.id
  from usrs u
      ,great_design_tab t
      ,lateral (
                select level x from dual 
                connect by regexp_substr(ass_pain, '[^,]+', 1, level) is not null
               )
 where u.id = trim(regexp_substr(ass_pain,'[^,]+', 1, x));

ID USERNAME         ID
---------- -------- ----------
         1 вася            700
        11 петя            700
        32 костя           700
       531 дима            700
         2 жора            701
        44 изя             701
       321 семен           701

WITH dt_range AS (
  SELECT TRUNC (&dt_start + ROWNUM - 1) dt
    FROM DUAL CONNECT BY ROWNUM <= &dt_end - &dt_start + 1
)
,bal AS (
  SELECT 101 id_, to_date('20171130', 'yyyymmdd') date_, 50 sum_ FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 101, to_date('20180102', 'yyyymmdd'), 300 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 101, to_date('20180105', 'yyyymmdd'), 500 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 101, to_date('20180107', 'yyyymmdd'), 700 FROM DUAL 
)


SELECT id_ --MAX(id_) OVER (PARTITION BY grp) id_
      ,dt
      ,MAX(sum_) OVER (PARTITION BY grp) sum_
  FROM (
        SELECT t1.*
              ,SUM(start_of_group) OVER(ORDER BY t1.dt) grp
           FROM (
                  SELECT bal.id_
                        ,dt_range.dt
                        ,bal.sum_
                        ,CASE WHEN bal.sum_ IS NOT NULL THEN 1 END start_of_group
                  FROM dt_range
                  LEFT JOIN bal ON dt_range.dt = bal.date_
                ) t1
        )
   ORDER BY dt

select
 c.id
,c.name
,sum(case p.sex when 'м' then 1 else 0 end) as male_count
,sum(case p.sex when 'ж' then 1 else 0 end) as female_count
from category c
left join product p on p.category_id = c.id
group by c.id, c.name
order by c.id