Юрий

$args = array(
            'type'                     => 'post',
            'child_of'                 => 0,
            'parent'                   => 0,
            'orderby'                  => 'name',
            'order'                    => 'ASC',
            'hide_empty'               => 1,
            'hierarchical'             => 0,
            'exclude'                  => '',
            'include'                  => '',
            'number'                   => '',
            'taxonomy'                 => 'category',
            'pad_counts'               => false 
            );
            $cats = get_categories( $args );
foreach( $cats as $cat) {
                if($cat->parent == 0) {
                    $parent_cat = null;
                    $head = $cat->name;
                    $head_id = $cat->term_id;
                }
                echo "<ul><a class='parent-category' href=''>" . $head . "</a>";                                                    
                wp_list_cats("sort_column=NAME&optioncount=0&hierarchical=1&hide_empty=0&child_of={$head_id}&show_option_none=");
                echo "</ul>";
            }

function exclude_category( $query ) {
if ( $query->is_home() && $query->is_main_query() ) {
$query->set( 'cat', '-5, -34' ); //замените на ваши id, но знак минуса оставьте
}
return $query;
}
 
add_filter( 'pre_get_posts', 'exclude_category' );