проблема решена, надо было вынести в отдельную переменную файл и далее уже отдельно ставить set
public function test_new_users_can_add_company(): void
{
$this->actingAs($user = User::factory()->create());
Storage::fake('avatars');
$file = UploadedFile::fake()->image('avatar.png');
$data = [
'name' => fake()->name(),
'mark' => fake()->name(),
'kpp' => fake()->numberBetween(),
'description' => fake()->realText(300),
'date_foundation' => fake()->date(),
'address_fact' => fake()->address(),
'address_ur' => fake()->address(),
'address_warehouse' => fake()->address(),
//'logo' => UploadedFile::fake()->image('avatar.jpg'), решить прблему с тестом
];
//$this->assertEquals('some arbitrary value', print_r($data, TRUE));
Livewire::test(AboutCompany::class)
->set('aboutCompanyForm', $data)
->set('aboutCompanyForm.logo', $file)
->call('updateCompany');
$this->assertNotNull($user->fresh()->company);
}